Understanding Food Labels
For people living with diabetes, foods that contain less than 20 calories and 5 grams or less of carbohydrate per serving are considered “free foods” since one serving won’t boost your blood sugar significantly. But when the word “free” is printed on a food label, such as calorie-free, fat-free or sugar-free, it’s a whole different story. So before you buy, or eat, any of these foods, you should know what these and other label claims really mean.
Calories
Light/Lite: Contains 1/3 to 50% less calories per serving, based on how many calories come from fat.
Low calorie: Contains no more than 40 calories per serving.
Reduced calorie: Contains at least 25% less calories than the regular form of the food item per serving.
Calorie free/No Calorie: Contains fewer than 5 calories per serving.
Fat
Fat free: Contains less than 0.5 grams of fat per serving.
Low fat: Contains 3 grams or less of total fat per serving.
Reduced fat: Contains at least 25% less fat than the regular form of the food product. Reduced-fat foods may still be high in fat depending on the fat content of the regular food.
Saturated fat-free: Contains less than 0.5 grams of saturated fat and less than 0.5 grams of trans fatty acids per serving.
Remember!
Some fats, when consumed in moderation, actually help to both lower your cholesterol levels and protect against heart disease. These include mono and polyunsaturated fats.
Sugar
Sugar free: Contains less than 0.5 grams of sugar per serving.
Reduced Sugar: Contains at least 25% less sugar compared to the regular food.
Remember!
Even foods that say “no sugar added” or “reduced sugar” can be high in carbs. For example, fructose and lactose are sugars naturally found in fruit and dairy. That’s why it’s important to look beyond the package claims and check the nutrition facts label.
Sodium
Low sodium: Contains no more than 140 milligrams per serving.
Sodium free/salt-free: Contains less than 5 milligrams of sodium per serving.
Light in sodium/lightly salted/reduced sodium: If a food is light in sodium, its sodium is decreased by at least 50% compared to the regular food. Reduced sodium means it has less than 25% less sodium when compared to the regular food. And lightly salted means the food has 50% less sodium than normally added.
Remember!
Though sodium doesn’t affect blood glucose levels, people with high blood pressure or who are at risk of high blood pressure may need to consume less.
Cholesterol
Reduced cholesterol: Contains 25% less cholesterol than the regular food.
Cholesterol free: Contains less than 2 milligrams of cholesterol per serving.
Low cholesterol: Contains 20 milligrams or less of cholesterol, and 2 grams or less of saturated fat per serving.
Remember!
Saturated fat from your diet has the most affect on raising blood cholesterol, which increases your risk of heart disease.
Fiber
High fiber: Contains at least 5 grams of fiber per serving.
Good source of fiber: Contains 2.5 to 4.9 grams per serving. Read the nutrition facts label for fiber grams and serving sizes.
Whole Grains: Products that say whole wheat or whole grains listed first on the ingredients list are likely to contain a good amount of fiber and will help you get the recommended 25 to 35 grams per day.
Remember!
In a diet for diabetes, if a food has more than 5 grams of fiber per serving, you can subtract half the grams of fiber from the total carbohydrate grams to get the new total carbohydrate grams amount.
Additional Diabetes Resources
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Get Carb Smart. Learn the Basics About Carbs and Diabetes
Diabetes Advisor, Vol. 11, Eating for Health
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Diabetes Advisor, Vol. 19, Practical Tips for Healthful Eating
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